Dursasana

Dursasana ... second son of King Drestarastra

Title	Dursasana - (Raden) - Mahabharata
Other names	Arja Banjarjumut, Cindeputra
Size	65 cm
Personal data	Dursasana was the second son of Prabu Drestarasta, the king of the Astina country with his consort Dewi Gandari, the daughter of Prabu Gandara with Dewi Gandini from the Gandaradesa country. This Duke of Banjarjunut is a Kaurava figure after Duryudana. He married Dewi Saltani, the daughter of the Duke of Banjarjungut, and from that marriage they had a son named Dursala. Dursasana was a great Korawa knight who resided in the Banjarjungut kesatriyan and because of that he was also called the Banjarjungut knight. Dursasana had 100 siblings --{99 men and 1 woman} called Sata Kurawa. Among those known in puppetry are Duryudana (king of the Astina country), Bogadatta (king of the Turilaya country), Bomawikata, Citraksa, Citraksi, Carucitra, Citrayuda, Citraboma, Durmuka, Durmagati, Durgempo, Gardapati (king of the Bukasapta country), Gardapura, Kartamarma, (king of the Banyutinalang country), Kartadenta, Surtayu, Surtayuda, Wikataboma, Widandini (king of the Purantara country) and Dewi Dursilawati.
Appearance	Dursasana had white telengan eyes, a dempak nose, and a gusen mouth. He was tall and big in stature, strong and wide-mouthed, had the character and nature; arrogant, liked to act arbitrarily, big-headed, liked to belittle and insult others. In the opinion of the Kauravas, Dursasana was Astina's Wrekodara and became the true counterpart of Wrekodara. Dursasana wears a crown in the shape of a mask, a crest with a garuda facing backwards, and a kluwih flower. Wears an ulur-ulur necklace. Wears bracelets, a pontoh, and a kroncong. Wears complete royal clothing. Dursasana had an heirloom, a keris that was extraordinarily large named Kyai Barla.
Collection	Private collection

Dursasana – (Raden) – Mahabharata

Dursasana was very much loved by his father, mother and older brother Prabu Duryudana (Suyudana). Therefore he was trusted by his brother to head the government in Kasatrian Banjarjunut, which is still included in the Astina region.
He likes to be praised and does as he pleases. No one can forbid it. Dursasana's words were harsh and followed by laughter. He could never calm down. When walking, as well as when sitting, he swayed with his arms for a long time, a very strange habit.

Dursasana is very loved by mothers and fathers. He was never forbidden to do anything. Even if he makes a mistake, he will be left alone.

Actually, Dursasana with the approval of the other Kauravas, had proposed to Dewi Trirasa, the daughter of Begawan Bratasudarsana. However, this intention failed, because Dewi Trirasa was finally married to Arya Setyaki, Prabu Kresna's brother-in-law.
In the conflict between five Pandhawa brothers and their cousins, the hundred Korawa brothers, Dursasana lead his younger brothers in many murder plots against the Pandhawa, but never succeeded.

Arjuna Papa play
In the play Arjuna Papa, Arjuna suffers misery. The Korawa felt they had avenged themselves against the Pendawa. Arjuna was caught by the Korawa and tortured. When Arjuna was being tortured by the Korawa, Dursasana, the oldest among the Korawa who tortured him, was very happy to witness the torture event. But then Dushasana's behavior met its revenge in Wrekodara's fury.

Baleseagalagala play
Likewise in the Baleseagalagala play, the Korawa felt successful in eliminating the Pendawa relatives from the face of the earth when the Pendawa were drunk in the celebration and the place where the celebration was held was burned by the Kauravas. So according to their assumptions this was the extinction of the Pendawa. But with the help of the God of Earth, Hyang Antaboga, the Pendawa were shown the way to Saptapertala with a garangan, a white civet as a guide and after experiencing the burning incident, the Pendawa family even found their glory. After knowing that the Pendawa could save themselves from the fire, the Kauravas were amazed and eager to destroy the Pendawa.

Alap-alapan Ulupi play
In the play Alap-alapan Ulupi, the story is about the marriage of Dewi Ulupi, the daughter of Begawan Kanwa and Yasarata, with Arjuna. The play Alap-alapan means a play about the matchmaking of a knight. In relation to the country of Astina, there is a certain princess who will be married to Dursasana, but it turns out that the princess is already married to Raden Arjuna and the Astina party is angry. The marriage of Dursasana to Ulupi here is just a story. There are indeed many plays about the Korawa and especially about Dursasana.
There are other plays about Astina such as the marriage of Pendita Durna to Dewi Setyaboma, but then this princess marries Prabu Kresna.
The marriage of Raden Lesmana Mandrakumara, son of Prabu Suyudana, with Dewi Titisari, daughter of Prabu Kresna, finally did not happen and the Astina party was greatly embarrassed, because Lesmana was played by the people of Dwarawati, the country of Prabu Kresna.

According to Javanese marriage customs, men must be able to limit themselves in terms of eating and only eat white rice for example, in which case it is said that he is white. Lesmana did the same, but what he ate was the white of a salted egg, which he also considered white.

Playing dice
After the Pandavas finished holding the Sesaji Rajasuya ceremony, the Kauravas invited the Pandavas to play dice. The invitation was actually a cunning plan by the Kauravas at the suggestion of Sengkuni to avenge Duryudana's shame and hurt because of Drupadi's insult. Pandawa, without any suspicion, accepted the invitation. At first, when the bet was still small, Patih Sengkuni as the representative of the Kauravas deliberately gave victory to Yudistira. However, over time the bet became bigger. With Sengkuni's cleverness, the Pandavas were never given the chance to win. Until finally all the Pandavas owned, their wealth, palaces and kingdoms became the property of the Kauravas.
Yudistira, was forced to bet his brothers, and finally he bet his own wife, Dewi Drupadi and it turned out that the Pandavas still lost. To take revenge on Drupadi, Duryudana ordered Dursasana to bring Drupadi to the arena. Dursasana dragged Drupadi by pulling her hair until her bun came loose.

Adipati Karna who had also been humiliated and hurt by Drupadi, incited Dursasana to strip Drupadi in public. Dursasana pulled Drupadi's cloth, but every time Drupadi's cloth was pulled, there was always a new cloth covering the body of Puntadewa's wife. All of that could not be separated from the help of Bathara Darma.

At that time, Dewi Drupadi swore that she would not tie her hair up before it was bathed in Dursasana's blood. Meanwhile, Bima, who witnessed the insolence, swore that he would rip open Dursasana's chest and drink Dursasana's blood later.
Later, the vow of Dewi Drupadi and Bima was finally fulfilled.

Dursasana's death occurred when Bima went berserk after he learned about the death of his son, Gatotkaca. During Baratayuda war, when Bima broke through the Kurawa ranks to face Adipati Karna who had killed Gatotkaca, Dursasana tried to stop him. Here Werkudoro has been waiting for a long time to duel with Dursasana.

However, the second son of Prabu Drestarasta was overwhelmed by Bima's strength. He tried to escape and hide across the Kelawing river. However, Bima, who was very angry, continued to chase him until he reached the edge of the Kelawing River.
Werkudoro who was provoked by emotion wanted to cross the river, but was reminded by Semar, the danger of a knight if he jumped over the river, he would meet his misfortune.
With the help of Petruk to lure Dursasana out, Werkudoro's patience was paid off. When Dursasana wanted to go back to hide, the spirits of Sarko and Tarko appeared to take revenge for what Dursasana did before, namely making them both sacrifices by force. The spirits of Sarko and Tarko held Dursasana's legs when he was about to jump until he fell.
So Bima easily caught Dursasana by grabbing his hair. Bima dragged his enemy's hair back to the battlefield. With his Pancanaka nails, Bima tore apart Duryodhana's younger brother's body and drank some of his blood. Dursasana's limbs and head were shattered into pieces, hit by Bima’s Rujakpala mace.
And to fulfill Draupadi's oath when she was humiliated in the Pandawa play losing the dice, Draupadi's oath was, she would not curl her hair if she had not washed it with Dursasana's blood, and her oath was fulfilled.

Dursasana's death in the puppet story was also caused by the revenge of the spirits of Tarka and Sarka, two brothers who were used as sacrifices by the Kurawa to win the Baratayuda war. On Duryodhana's orders, Dursasana forced Tarka and Sarka to become sacrifices for their victory. The two brothers were burned alive as war sacrifices. The spirits of Tarka and Sarka were not willing, then took revenge. When Bima was chasing Dursasana, the spirits of Tarka and Sarka tripped Dursasana's feet when he was about to cross the Kelawing River, so that he fell. That way, Bima could easily catch him. Since then, people have called the Kelawing River the Cincing Goling River.

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Source: History of Wayang Purwa - Hardjowirogo - PN Balai Pustaka – 1982
Blog: Hadisukirno – Yogyakarta - 2012