wiki-indonesian-art - User contributions [en]

Books

2026-01-20T14:33:58Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - sungkai.jpg

2026-01-20T14:28:34Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - jackfruit.jpg

2026-01-20T14:28:16Z

Ronald D:

Types of wood

2026-01-20T14:24:54Z

Ronald D:

<gallery>
File:wood - acacia.jpg|Acacia wood
File:wood - bangkirai.jpg|Bangkirai wood
File:wood - borneo iron - ulin.jpg|Borneo Iron wood (Ulin wood)
File:wood - burmese teak.jpg|Burmese Teak wood
File:wood - camphor.jpg|Camphor wood
File:wood - coromandel.jpg|Coromandel wood (Calamander wood)
File:wood - crocodile.jpg|Crocodile wood (Satin wood)
File:wood - hibiscus.jpg|Hibiscus wood
File:wood - indian teak.jpg|Indian Teak wood
File:wood - indonesian mahogany.jpg|Indonesian Mahogany wood
File:wood - indonesian palissander.jpg|Indonesian Palissander wood
File:wood - indonesian teak.jpg|Indonesian Teak wood
File:wood - jackfruit.jpg|Jackfruit wood
File:wood - kempas.jpg|Kempas wood
File:wood - macassar ebony.jpg|Macassar Ebony wood
File:wood - mango.jpg|Mango wood
File:wood - mindi.jpg|Mindi wood (White Mahogany wood)
File:wood - mirabouw.jpg|Mirabouw wood (Merbau wood)
File:wood - oak.jpg|Oak wood
File:wood - palissander.jpg|Palissander wood
File:wood - panggal buaya.jpg|Panggal Buaya wood
File:wood - philippine mahogany.jpg|Philippine Mahogany wood (Meranti wood)
File:wood - sandal.jpg|Sandal wood
File:wood - shorea.jpg|Shorea wood
File:wood - sonokeling.jpg|Sonokeling wood (Rose wood)
File:wood - suar.jpg|Suar wood
File:wood - sungkai.jpg|Sungkai wood
File:wood - teak.jpg|Teak wood
</gallery>

[[Category:Main Page]]

Books

2026-01-08T09:41:45Z

Ronald D:

Kris/Keris

2026-01-08T09:41:20Z

Ronald D:

Batik Textiles

2026-01-08T09:40:30Z

Ronald D:

<noinclude>
To create a new page, enter a unique page name below. 
If a page with that name already exists, you will be sent to a form to edit that page. 
For existing pages ... see category Batik Textiles. 
Fill in the form with the details of your image and save the page.

{{#forminput:form=Batik Textiles02|autocomplete on category=Batik Textiles|size=40|button text:Create or edit}}
----
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[[File:Batik00.jpg|thumb|223x223px|''Design of the pattern.'']]
== Batik Textiles of Java ==
The Indonesian island of Java is the principal source of the brilliant textiles known as batiks. The terms batik derives from the Malay word meaning to draw with a broken dot or line and refers to the wax-resist process by which patterns are imposed on fabric. Many countries, especially in Asia, produce wax-resist textiles, but the Javanese have developed the most sophisticated method for executing the process. A liquefied wax compound is literally drawn on the surface of the cloth in order to keep either the pattern itself or the background areas from taking the dye. Each color thus requires separate application, leading to a multi-step production.

[[File:Batik01.jpg|thumb|left|293x293px|''Drawing the lines with a canting tool.'']]
Although there are hints of earlier processes and textile types that perhaps led to batik, there is no evidence that the batik methods we know today are older than the early 19th century. The technique flourished in Java as a result of the introduction of fine imported cotton and the invention of the canting, an implement with a narrow tube fed from an attached reservoir for precise drawing with melted wax. Later in the 19th century, a further boost was given to production, though not to quality, with the development of the cap, a stamp for applying the wax resist much more expeditiously than drawing by hand. Some batik textiles combine both resist processes.
[[File:Batik02.jpg|thumb|262x262px|''Filling with different colors.'']] [[File:Batik03.jpg|thumb|left|293x293px]]
Traditionally, women have been the primary producers of batik. Dyeing, on the other hand, is a craft done by both men and women, though indigo-dyeing falls solely to men. The range of patterns, some identified by name, numbers well over a thousand. Javanese batik makers have always been open to a broad range of sources for their patterns and motifs: from local Javanese and Hindu works to Chinese, Arabic, and Western inspirations, including stories such as Cinderella and cartoons like Flash Gordon. Batik fabrics are mostly made into traditional garments such as sarongs (tubular skirts), skirt cloths, head scarves, shoulder cloths, and breast cloths. This display features a diverse selection of pattern and functional types, all from the museum’s rich collection, along with materials that further explain the batik process.
* '''The Step by Step Process of Making Batik'''
** Step 1 - The first wax is applied over the penciled-in outline of the pattern. Almost always the original cloth is white or beige.
** Step 2 - The cloth is dyed in the first dye bath. In this case the first dyebath is indigo blue. The area of the cloth where the wax was applied in Step 1 will remain white.
** Step 3 - Second application of wax is applied. In this case it is a dark brown color. A poorer quality of wax is used to cover larger areas of cloth. The darker color helps to differentiate it from the first wax applied. Any parts that are covered with this wax application will remain the indigo color.
** Step 4 - The cloth is dyed in the second dye bath. In this case it is a navy blue. Any areas that are not covered by wax will become dark blue.
** Step 5 - All the wax that has been applied thus far is removed. This is done by heating the wax and scraping it off and also by applying hot water and sponging off the remaining wax.
** Step 6 - Wax is applied to the area of the fabric that the artist wishes to remain the indigo blue color.
** Step 7 - Wax is applied to the area of the fabric that the artist wishes to remain white.
** Step 8 - The fabric is submerged in the final dye bath. In this case it is brown. Any areas of the cloth that have not been covered with wax will become brown.
** Step 9 - The finished cloth after all of the wax has been removed. 

<gallery widths="250px">
batik04a.jpg|
batik04b.jpg
batik04c.jpg
</gallery>
'''Cap or block printing''' 
From the mid-19th century, batik production was increased by applying the wax with a metal stamp called a cap. The cap technique can usually be identified by the repetition of identical patterns, whereas in batik tulis, even repeated geometric motifs vary. Some batik combine the two techniques with batik tulis used for fine detail. It’s worth noting that batik cap is true batik; don’t confuse it with screen-printed cloth which completely bypasses the waxing process and is often passed off as batik. 
----
'''More info:''' 
[https://www.iwarebatik.org/batik-production-process/ Batik productionproces] 
[https://www.indonesia.travel/id/en/trip-ideas/7-echanting-stories-behind-indonesia-s-famous-batik Batik designs] 
[https://www.wisma-bahasa.com/lets-get-to-know-7-indonesian-batik-patterns-and-their-philosophical-meanings/?noamp=mobile Indonesian batik patterns and their philosophical meanings] 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parang_(batik)#:~:text=Parang%20has%20the%20meaning%20of,as%20forms%20of%20family%20ties. Wikipedia: Parang batik] 
[https://marinaelphick.com/2014/04/17/parang-batik-motif/ Parang batik motif] 
[https://www.socialexpat.net/indonesian-batik-patterns-and-the-philosophical-meanings/ Indonesian batik patterns and the philosophical meanings] 
[https://www.wiki-indonesian-art.com/video/batik%20of%20java.htm Video 1: Batik of Java]

[[Category:Main Page]]

Wayang Puppets

2026-01-08T09:39:55Z

Ronald D:

'''Wayang Puppets Content''' 
[[Wayang Golek Purwa Puppets|Golek]] - [[Wayang Golek Menak Puppets|Menak]] - [[Wayang Golek Cepak Puppets|Cepak]] - [[Wayang Kulit Puppets|Kulit]] - [[Wayang Klitik Puppets|Klitik]] - [[Other Wayang Puppets|Other Wayang Puppets]] 
----
== Introduction to the Types of Wayang ==
In the past, listening to a story is peoples favorite pastime that manifests the cultural and social condition of their society. The technique of the narrative and the content of the story also reflect the tradition and culture upheld by the population. There are many mass communication media that are used as a form of storytelling that brings a big impact toward the cultural and social development of the society. One of the earliest methods of storytelling is perhaps telling a story directly to the audience while facing each other. The method then evolves and integrate other elements of local and other nations tradition and culture, giving a birth to wayang.

[[File:Wayang kulit performance 02.jpg|thumb|left|345x345px|''A Wayang Kulit performance'']]
Wayang is an old form of storytelling that utilizes puppet figures to convey the story to the audience. Although the word wayang is the Javanese word for shadow, some of the types of wayang performance do not use the silhouette of the puppets. Many types of wayang performance, such as Wayang Kulit and Wayang Klitik, rely on the shadow of the puppets and the voice of dalang to deliver the story. Traditionally, the performance uses an oil lamp or an electric bulb to cast the shadow of the puppets into a big white screen. However, some of the types of wayang do not use shadow to convey the story. For example, Wayang Wong uses actors in the performance, while Wayang Golek makes use of wooden puppets. Usually, the performance of wayang, when the dalang (puppet master) tells the story, is accompanied by nayaga (gamelan players) and sinden (female choral singer). Generally, the performance of wayang tells the story of classic Indian epics, such as Mahabharata and Ramayana, but nowadays many people also adapt other famous stories into wayang performance. 
[[File:Wayang golek performance.jpg|thumb|297x297px|''A Wayang Golek performance'']]

'''Different types of wayang in Indonesia:'''
* Wayang Kulit (wayang that is made of leather)
* Wayang Wong (wayang performance that is played by actors, instead of puppets)
* Wayang Gedog (similar to Wayang Wong, but the actors wear a mask)
* Wayang Golek (wayang that is made of wooden)
* Wayang Klitik (a small wayang that is made of wood)
* Wayang Beber (wayang performance that is told using scroll paintings)

While it is not as popular as before, the legacy of wayang influences Indonesian creative industry and many artists. People can find a lot of arts and crafts that take inspiration from wayang. The performance of wayang is also adapted into television shows and bring a great entertainment to Indonesian people. Even though the role of wayang as a storytelling media is gradually replaced by another modern medium, the heritage of wayang is still beating in peoples life.

'''Wayang Puppets''' 
Puppets fall into two major classifications - wayang kulit - the leather or shadow puppet of Central Java, and wayang golek - wooden puppets of West Java. The most famous puppets of Indonesia are the carved leather wayang kulit puppets. The intricate lace figures are cut from buffalo hide with a sharp chisel-like stylus and the painted. They are produced on Bali and Java, particularly Central Java. The leaf-shaped kayon representing the “tree” or ‘mountain of life” is used to end scenes in the wayang ans is also made of leather. There are several varieties of wooden puppets. Wayang Golek are the three dimensional wooden puppets found in Central Java, but are most popular among the Sundanese of West Java.
[[File:Wayang klitik.jpg|left|thumb|193x193px|''Wayang Klitik'']]


The "Wayang klitik" puppets are a rarer flat wooden puppet of East Java. They are also known as a Krucil Gepeng puppet. Made of carved, gilded, and painted wood. The rods are made of horn with fibre tassels. The arms made of hide and the rods are attached with fibre. The main rod has been cut off at some point.
[[File:Wayang kulit puppets.jpg|thumb|305x305px|''Wayang Kulit'']]


The “Wayang kulit” (leather puppets) of Java is performed with leather puppets held by the puppeteer (dalang), who narates the story of one of the famous episodes of the Hindu epics, the Mahabharata or the Ramayana. It is performed against a white screen while a lantern in the background casts the shadows of the characters on the screen, visible from the other side where the spectators are seated.
[[File:Wayang golek puppets.jpg|left|thumb|431x431px|''Wayang Golek'']]


The “Wayang Golek” (wooden puppets) of West Java is based on the same concept. The crafts of Indonesia vary in both medium and art form. As a whole the people are artistic by nature and express themselves on canvas, wood, metals, clay and stone. The batik process of waxing and dyeing originated in Java centuries ago and classic designs have been modified with modern trends in both pattern and technology. There are several centres of Batik in Java, the major ones being Yogyakarta, Surakarta, Pekalongan and Cirebon.

Puppets have been used for centuries in Indonesia to tell the stories of the ancient epics, the Ramayana and the Wayang Kulit Mahabarata, as well as ancient myths. Modern stories also utilize this ancient art form for contemporary audiences. Some expats enjoy collecting the same character by various artisans, or all the characters in a scene or story, or just characters that strike their fancy. Good guys, bad guys, gods, demons, nobles, giants, clowns, princes and princesses and monkeys ... all can be found in traditional puppet forms. 
----
'''More info''' 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayang Wikipedia - Wayang] 

[[Category:Main Page]]

Indonesian Painting

2026-01-08T09:39:17Z

Ronald D:

{{PAGEBANNER03}}
'''Paintings Content''' 
[[Batik Paintings|Batik Paintings]] - [[Batuan Paintings|Batuan Paintings]] - [[Kamasan Paintings|Kamasan Paintings]] - [[Other Paintings|Other Paintings]] 
----
[[File:Painting 01.jpg|thumb|409x409px|''Hand stencils, like the one pictured above from a cave in Sulawesi, are common in prehistoric art.'']]
==Indonesian painting==
'''Ancient Indonesian Cave Paintings Rewrite History of Human Art'''

Prehistoric paintings at least 40,000 years old that depict animals - including one known as a “pig-deer” - and the outline of human hands in seven caves on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi are rewriting the history of art.
Scientists said this week they used a highly precise method to determine the antiquity of the paintings. They found the artwork was comparable in age to the oldest-known rock art from Europe, long thought to be the cradle of the early human cultural achievement embodied by cave painting.
“It was previously thought that Western Europe was the centerpiece of a symbolic explosion in early human artistic activity such as cave painting and other forms of image-making, including figurative art, around 40,000 years ago,” said dating expert Maxime Aubert of Australia's Griffith University.
The fact that people in Sulawesi were doing the same things as contemporaries in Europe indicates cave art may have emerged independently at about the same time around the world, including Europe and Southeast Asia, added archeologist Thomas Sutikna of Australia's University of Wollongong.
“Rock art is one of the indicators of an abstract mind of the past human, the onset of what we might consider to be one of the hallmarks of 'modern' humans,” Sutikna added.[[File:Painting 02.jpg|thumb|left|415x415px|''A fragmented painting of a pig-deer or babirusa (Babyrousa sp.) and hand stencil from one of the caves in Sulawesi, Indonesia.'']]
The study focused on 14 cave paintings: 12 human hand stencils and two naturalistic animal depictions, one showing an animal called a babirusa, or “pig-deer,” and the other showing what probably is a pig.
They were painted in limestone caves near Maros in southern Sulawesi, a large island east of Borneo. Most of the artwork was created with a pigment called red ochre to produce red- and mulberry-colored paintings. The art's existence had been known for decades, but its age had never been determined. Some experts estimated it was maybe 10,000 years old. The scientists used a method based on the radioactive decay of tiny quantities of uranium in small mineral growths dubbed “cave popcorn” that formed on some of the paintings.

The oldest Sulawesian artwork, a hand outline at least about 40,000 years ago, was comparable in age to the world's oldest-known rock art image, a red dot from Spain's El Castillo site.

The ages for the animal paintings at the famed Chauvet and Lascaux cave sites in France are more recent - between about 26,000 and 18,000 years old - than Sulawesi's figurative animals, which are at least 35,000 years old. The babirusa image represents the oldest-known, reliably dated figurative depiction, Aubert said. The artists made hand images by blowing or spraying paint around hands pressed against rock surfaces.

'''Paintings and Calligraphy in Indonesia''' 
Painting is widespread in Indonesia as an accompaniment to other art forms. For example, woodcarving, masks and pottery are often painted, as are religious items, such as calendars or religious designs painted. Temple painting and other styles of painting exists on Java, but after the conversion to Islam, Bali became the center for painting in Indonesia. Until the arrival of large numbers of Europeans in the 20th century most Balinese were wall paintings or decorative hangings for temples and palaces. 
Painting as an art form was really developed in the 19th and 20th century and includes batik paintings, the highly stylized paintings of Bali which depict village and traditional life as well as modern oils and acrylics. Famous Indonesian painters such as Raden Saleh, command high prices on the international market and at auctions in Singapore and Jakarta. 
While non-Islamic art forms abound due to the rich Buddhist/Hindu traditions dating back for centuries, Islamic calligraphy has developed in various art forms as well. These include embroidery, wood carvings, ceramics, paintings, and the beautiful gold embroidered Tapis cloth of Lampung. Among contemporary urban artists, painting on canvas or making batik is much more common than making sculpture. Affandi, a painter, is one of Indonesia’s most highly regarded artists of his time.[[File:Painting 03.jpg|thumb|402x402px]]
Indonesia demonstrates a pluralistic art culture where not only traditional and modern art forms are pursued in harmony, but also the evolution of art forms can be witnessed through varied influences of foreign cultures and religions.
Evidence of spiritual art can be traced back to even 1500 B.C. in Indonesia through stone and wooden artifacts, which represented spiritual expression with aesthetics. These elements when combined with Hinduism effectuated Indonesian court art in 7th century. The rise of westernized art came later when the country became a Dutch colony in the 17th century. When the artists started traveling to European countries to study art during 18th and 19th centuries, some of the modern forms of arts developed. Although the impact of religion and spiritualism still reflects in contemporary paintings, yet most of these artworks are a symbol of individual responses to social issues.
This post outlines some of the prevalent forms of painting in Indonesia over the past two centuries, the most popular artists of that period, and discernment into the contemporary art scene with present-day artists.

[[File:Painting 04.jpg|thumb|left|422x422px|''"Lion Hunt" by Raden Saleh'']]
'''Romanticism''' 
This art form was first used in Germany in 1700s, and is characterized by an emphasis on personal, subjective, imaginative, irrational spontaneous and transcendental. In simple words, a deepened sense of emotions and senses. One of the most famous artists who created paintings with Romanticism theme was Raden Saleh. He studied in Netherlands and traveled across Europe to enhance his skills. The following is a famous painting by Raden Saleh, called ‘Lion Hunt’

'''Expressionism''' 
This is an art form where the artist focuses on expressing emotions subjectively through exaggeration, distortion, fantasy etc. The aim of the artist in painting here is to be expressive, not beautiful. Many modern artists use this spontaneous technique to depict their minds rather than the outside world. Affandi is a well-known name in Indonesian art scene who made use of Expressionism to create more than 2000 pieces of art, which are displayed in a museum at Yogyakarta.
[[File:Painting 05.jpg|thumb|321x321px|''"The Artist and His Daughter" by Affandi'']]
Although Affandi started painting as a realism artist, he later moved to expressionism since he used an exceptional technique to paint by directly squeezing the paint from the tube to canvas. It is interesting to note that he discovered this technique by accident. The anecdote behind it goes like this. Once Affandi broke his brush and to continue to paint, he squeezed the paint directly from the tube to the canvas and then, used his hands as tools. He later started using this technique as his signature style as he believed it gave more dimension to his work. One of his paintings, created in 1950, called ‘The Artist and His Daughter’, shows a beautiful blend of realism and expressionism during the years when he was discovering his signature style.

[[File:Painting 06.jpg|thumb|left|''"Wisdom of the East" by Affandi'']]
Another painting by Affandi painted in 1967, called ‘Wisdom of the East’, shows the hand of God reaching across the ocean to the West,
while holding wisemen of East – Gandhi, Lo The, and Semar.

[[File:Painting 07.jpg|thumb|''"Catching a Butterfly" by Hendra Gunawan'']]
Another prominent artist, who is generally rated amongst the five maestros of Indonesian modern art was Hendra Gunawan. His painting style was a combination of western techniques and Indonesian aesthetics. He was not only a painter, but also a guirella fighter during Dutch colonial rule. He later became an activist against the ruling government and was incarcerated from 1965-1978. He continued painting in prison, on small scraps of canvas he had available. Hendra’s paintings have a unique vibrancy to them, despite his life situation and his poverty. The paintings usually show workers in their day-to-day activities, and the background of the paintings seems to be in motion.
His painting ‘Catching a Butterfly’ shows a young girl in her innocence and purity, thus evoking emotional connection with admirers. Most of his paintings have this affect on viewers.

'''Mooi Indie (“Beautiful Indies”)''' 
This art style was developed in Indonesia during the Dutch regime in the 19th century. It was mainly a way for the Dutch government to increase the tourism appeal for Dutch East Indies. The colonial government at the time wanted to showcase a romanticized view of Indonesia and most artists were not allowed to express the reality, many artists believe that this style represents a slave mentality of
colonial era. In fact, one of the most important visual artists before independence, Sindu Sudjojono (1913-1986) coined the term ‘Mooi Indie’ and rejected this movement as “an idealised view of the colonial period and not a true representation of Indonesian society”.
[[File:Painting 08.jpg|thumb|left|412x412px|''"Priangan landscape" by Abdullah Suriosubroto'']]
Nevertheless, numerous magnificent paintings were produced which showed beautiful, serene, heavenly, and peaceful scenes like mountains, rivers, valleys, villages in Indonesia. Today, the artworks produced in this genre are amongst the most expensive in auctions.
Abdullah Suriosubroto was a famous artist who painted Landscape art or Mooi Indie paintings. Notably, he had enrolled in a medical school in what is now Jakarta. But when he went to Netherlands, his interest shifted to fine arts, and thus was born a legendary name in Indonesia art history. The following painting of Priangan landscape by Abdullah Suriosubroto captures the exquisite beauty of landscape and immense talent of the artist.

'''Realism''' 
This style of art, as the name indicates, depicts ‘real’ objects and scenes. Realism or naturalism, as it is often called, provides an accurate description of the anatomy of humans and animals, details of color and light, and resembles the real world closely. You could understand realism as photograph-like portrayal of objects, characters and scenes. However, it does not imply that the artist painting realism artwork did not paint imaginary characters like angels, demons, flying horses, or ghosts. The imaginary and intriguing stuff often finds its way into realism although the proportions and details of the objects and characters are accurate like in real world. For example, the artist may paint an angel, however, the body will be human like and the wings would be proportionate to the body. A ghost, similarly, would not be blown out of proportion and there would be detailed light effects to indicate that it is a dead person. Some artists and scholars refer to this type of realism as ‘Illusionistic Realism’. Realism as an art form began as a reaction to romanticism, hence, principally they are opposites.

[[File:Painting 09.jpg|thumb|284x284px|''"Fight between Ravana and Jatayu" by Basuki Abdullah'']]
There were two notable artists in this genre in Indonesia - Basuki Abdullah (Abdullah Suriosubroto’s son) and S. Sudjojono. Basuki Abdullah was a maestro artist and painted focusing on culture and tradition. He painted people, flora and fauna, themes of struggles etc. He was known as a portrait painter, though he used to enhance the beauty of his subjects. An example of his work is – Fight between Ravana and Jatayu. This painting depicts a scene from the Hindu Epic Ramayana where Ravana is kidnapping Sita, wife of Lord Rama, and a bird called Jatayu is trying to save her from him.

[[File:Painting 10.jpg|thumb|left|''"Comrade of Revolution" by S. Sudjojono'']]
S. Sudjojono, on the other hand, was an activist. He wanted to depict social issues through his art and was the pioneer of socialist realism in Indonesia. His expressed his political views through his paintings and wanted them to provide historical and educational value. His painting ‘Comrade of Revolution’ is amongst his most famous artworks.

'''Balinese Art''' 
[[File:Painting 11.jpg|thumb|353x353px|''"Wayan Kayun-Barong dance" - artist unknown'']]
This form of art was introduced into Indonesia in the 14th century through the Majapahit’s conquest of Bali. The initial works of art in this style were usually wood carvings and stone carvings. Balinese art was originally carved, painted or woven into objects of daily use. But later, it expanded, and several beautifully refined and intricate paintings were created, which resemble baroque folk art. These paintings often have the theme of battles between good and bad forces, the narratives originating from Hindu-Javanese epics, Javanese folktales and Buddhist texts. Most of these paintings were created as a collaborative work and hence, the artists are anonymous. An example of such a painting is called ‘Wayan Kayun-Barong dance’.

In current day, countless of galleries in Bali showcase phenomenal artwork from the famous modern artists as well as from the continually growing local art community. Some Indonesian paintings are displayed in museums and temples across the world. The oldest painting from the 15th century is a lotus painting with Ganesha’s figure and is now preserved at Pura Besakih.
----
'''More info:''' 
[[wikipedia:Indonesian painting|Wikipedia - Indonesian_painting]] 
[https://tfr.news/articles/2022/3/23/understanding-historical-development-of-indonesian-modern-art-part-1 Understanding-historical-development-of-indonesian-modern-art]

[[Category:Main Page]]

Other Carvings

2026-01-08T09:38:56Z

Ronald D:

Stone Carvings

2026-01-08T09:38:37Z

Ronald D:

<noinclude>
To create a new page, enter a unique page name below. 
If a page with that name already exists, you will be sent to a form to edit that page. 
For existing pages ... see category Stone Carvings. 
Fill in the form with the details of your image and save the page.

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[[File:Stone carving 02.jpg|thumb|right|332x332px]]
== The Mastercraft Of Stone Sculpture ==
Carving in stone and wood are particularly rich. Stone sculptures of the elaborate Hindu variety in Java or the ornate sarcophagi of Sumatra are archaeological remains of value, but only in Bali is elaborate stone carving still done (apart from that which may decorate some upscale Jakarta homes or public buildings). Volcanic rock are carved to create statues depicting characters from ancient Indonesian myths and epics. These Stone Carvings are predominantly found in Yogyakarta and Bali where stone carving traditions date back over 900 years and were highly developed during the construction of major temples in these areas. 
[[File:Stone carving 00.jpg|thumb|left|308x308px|''Old carved lava stone musician figure from Menapi in Central Java'']]
Unique carved lava stone musician figures from Merapi in Central Java are created from the Lava stone from Mount Merapi, an active volcano in Central Java. Carved in the foothills of the mountain, near to the ancient temple of Borobudur, each one is unique. 
Stone sculpture is a newer form of sculpture in Bali, flourishing in the 8th to 10th Century. Most of the stone sculptures found on the island are influenced by the religious traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism. These gorgeous stone sculptures are most often found at ancient temples but on the right hiking trail, you can stumble across standalone pieces. Most of the stone sculptures are created with an ashy, grey sandstone quarried from the banks of the many rivers that run through the island. Balinese believe strongly in maintaining their temples, so sculpture is more than just an artform, but also it is a deeply profound religious practice. If you travel to Batubalan or Karang, you can see the master stone carvers at work and observe the great skill and meditative practice of these ancient artisans. 
[[File:Stone carving 06.jpg|thumb|right]]
The long and storied tradition of Indonesian sculpture captures the imagination of anyone who visits the island of Bali. Dotted among the volcanic mountains, thick jungles, and iconic rice paddies are wooden and stone sculptures of animals, deities, and ancestral heroes. These sculptures are the work of both ancient and modern artisans and add to the magical feeling of the island. Every tribe has a unique sculptural style and every statue tells a unique story. In Bali, you can see the full range of diverse styles of sculpture and may even find an exotic piece to take home as a souvenir of your journey. 
[[File:Stone carving 01.jpg|thumb|left|236x236px]]
'''Culture Of Balinese Sculpture''' 
The long and storied tradition of Indonesian sculpture captures the imagination of anyone who visits the island of Bali. Dotted among the volcanic mountains, thick jungles, and iconic rice paddies are wooden and stone sculptures of animals, deities, and ancestral heroes. These sculptures are the work of both ancient and modern artisans and add to the magical feeling of the island. Every tribe has a unique sculptural style and every statue tells a unique story. In Bali, you can see the full range of diverse styles of sculpture and may even find an exotic piece to take home as a souvenir of your journey. 
[[File:Stone carving 07.jpg|thumb|right|293x293px]]
The hamlet of Batubulan, located in the midst of Denpasar and Ubud, is the hub of stone carving. Almost every Balinese home is done up with sculptures at the entrance that mostly depict demons. There was a time when the stone carvers of Ubud would create works to embellish temples and palace getaways. While strolling on the streets of Ubud, I came across a wide array of sculptures that have been skillfully carved from sandstones and appear quite heavy. Balinese sculptors use soft black volcanic rocks and white palimanan soft stone for carving. 
[[File:Stone carving 08.jpg|thumb|left|274x274px]]
The tradition of stone carving in Bali dates back to the times of the Majapahit dynasty, the largest kingdom that ruled Southeast Asia, and it was the Hindu empire that ruled over Java and established stronghold in Bali way back in 14th century. 
Be it Buddha, Ganesha, Garuda, Shiva, giant frogs, monkeys, demons and other Hindu gods, one can find them all in Ubud. Another interesting piece of stone work is the human palm. Price-conscious tourists can go for a good bargain, and get sculptures at a wallet-friendly price. 
While walking down the Ubud countryside, there are a wide collection of stone carvings that are on display on the narrow paths in the midst of lush paddy fields. These stone sculptures are cheaper than in the interiors of Ubud. In the downtown area of Ubud in Subak Sok Wayah around 20 minutes away, there are restaurants dishing up organic food for travellers and the name of the food outlet is also carved and painted on stone. 
[[File:Stone carving 05.jpg|thumb|374x374px|''Statues at the Tirta Gangga Water Palace, East Bali'']]
----
'''More info:''' 
[https://www.javaheritagetour.com/the-art-of-stone-carving/ The art of stone carving] 
[https://www.thenotsoinnocentsabroad.com/blog/the-buddhist-bas-reliefs-of-borobudur/ The buddhist bas reliefs of borobudur] 
[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/592/ Borobudur Temple compounds] 
[https://www.javaheritagetour.com/understanding-the-thousands-of-relief-panels-of-borobudur/ Understanding the thousands of relief-panels of borobudur]

[[Category:Main Page]]

Bone Carvings

2026-01-08T09:38:12Z

Ronald D:

Wood Carvings

2026-01-08T09:37:46Z

Ronald D:

{{PAGEBANNER01}}
'''Wood Carvings Content''' 
[[Wood Carvings * Statues|Statues]] - [[Wood Carvings * Masks|Masks]] - [[Wood Carvings * Faces|Faces]] - [[Wood Carvings * Busts|Busts]] - [[Wood Carvings * Panels|Panels]] - [[Wood Carvings * Plaques|Plaques]] - [[Wood Carvings * Other Wood Carvings|Other Wood Carvings]] 
----
[[File:Woodcarver 01.jpg|right|244x244px]]
== Wood Carving in Indonesia ==
Woodcarving is the most enduring and widespread medium for artistic expression in Indonesia. Each Culture has its own style, and the diversity and sophistication of Indonesia’s woodcarvers is remarkable. In Indonesia a house not only protects its inhabitants from the elements, but repels unwanted spirits. Example include the horned Singa (lion) heads that protect Batak Houses, the water buffalo representations on toraja houses sigifying prosperity, or the serpents and magical dog carving on Dayak houses in Kalimantan.

Objects made of wood can have spiritual, artistic and functional purposes or elements of all three. Some of the more lovely functional objects are ironwood stools from Kalimantan, carved bamboo containers from Sulawesi and doors from Timor. Perhaps the most famous artistic and spiritual carvings are masks. They are associated most with the masked dance-dramas of Java and Bali but are also used in dances and funeral rites and ceremonies on other islands.

Used in prehistoric times in burials, the use of ancient spirit masks have given way to masks used in many traditional dances. These highly stylized masks, topeng, depict the various characters in the story told by the dance. Masks enable the performers to assume new identities and depict a variety of characters from demons to animals, princes or gods. Amongst the most famous masks used in dance are the Rangda and Barong masks from Bali. In this traditional dance, performed often for tourists, the interaction of Rangda, representing evil, and the Barong, representing good, restores the harmony between the good and evil in life. While masks for sale in stores are primarily from Central Java and Bali, masks from other ethnic groups were used widely in the past to communicate with ancestors, for blessings for harvests, protection from evil spirits, to acquire new personalities or great powers.

[[File:woodcarver 02.jpg|left|303x303px]]
'''Bali Wood Carving History'''
The rise of Balinese wood carving can be traced back hundreds of years ago to the time when Hindu-Javanese preachment was set in motion. In the beginning wood carvings in Bali functioned as a mode of expression for carrying out religious ceremonies, and primarily the use of carvings was limited only inside the temples and palaces. This set of circumstances passed along until the twentieth century. Back in those days, ornamental frames, ornate doorways, statues of gods and deities, and masks were made for the sole purpose of paying homage. Very often they were symbolized as objects of guardianship. Besides, it was not an uncommon phenomenon to find wooden panels and sculptures of the time as interior decoration pieces. The art of Balinese woodcarving had its beginnings around the twelfth century. Formerly, local carvers used the stone as the sole material to form carvings. It was not within the bounds of possibility for them to carve wood beforehand as this form of art required a higher level of skill and precision. This can be seen from the finish on the wood carving which looks more polished than the other types of carving. The aesthetics that were of interest to the people at that time were a blend of Buddhist and Hindu influences. However, the impact of Buddhist preaching slowly waned when Majapahit conquered Bali in the thirteenth century. The traditional Hindu teachings that were brought about certainly shifted the influence of Buddhism, which automatically affected traditions that had previously taken root in various aspects of Balinese life, including the emergence of new rules that restricted sculptors from creating only god and human figures in their artwork. Until then, the general public purely considered the sculptures and paintings they created as a means of worshipping alone. However, a shift in mindset on a large scale in the Balinese art world emerged in the early twentieth century.
[[File:woodcarver 03.jpg|thumb|338x338px|''A woodcarver in Ubud'']]
Dutch traders felt the potential to put up carvings made by local Balinese artisans for sale in the international market. There was a great demand for Balinese wood carvings generally in Europe which even convinced some Western artists to settle in Bali and start over their careers there. Some of the leading artists who have been noted living in Bali due to the wide-ranging frenzy of Balinese wood carving include Jaap Kunst, Rudolf Bonnet, and Walter Spies. Ubud and the surrounding villages became the most prominent art center in Bali at that time, thanks to the growing popularity of Balinese wood carving in the international market. Several Western artists who have been previously mentioned were known to providing assistance and initiating the reconstruction movement of Balinese carvings and paintings which had previously been corrupted by the Dutch invasion of the island. The Dutch occupied Bali for two years since 1906, and because of this, the ingrained tradition of long-established art-making was eroded. Balinese craftsmen are required to labor their full ability entirely to produce commercial goods rather than objects for religious purposes. This ultimately influenced the choice of subjects that appeared in the sculptures marketed after World War II ended when Bali was liberated from Dutch colonialism. Rudolf Bonnet and Walter Spies strived to guide Balinese craftsmen on how they could promote their lines of work to the European market. This movement later inspired other local craftsmen to develop fresh carving techniques and styles. To this day, local craftsmen can continue to produce stunning Balinese wood carvings for a variety of purposes without being constrained by restrictive rules or limitations. You can observe this from the use of statues for religious ceremonies, wall hangings as interior decoration, to other marketing purposes on a daily basis.

'''What wood is used for Balinese carvings?''' 
In [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bali Bali], many different [[Types of wood|types of wood]] are used for carving. Some examples include teak, crocodile wood, acasia, sonokeling (rose wood), macassar ebony, palissander, suar, jackfruit, shorea (meranti), mirabouw, panggal buaya, mahogany or sandalwood.

'''Balinese Wood Carving Characteristics''' 
Balinese carving products have their distinctive motifs. These motifs are relics of ancient kingdoms that have experienced advances in the world of arts. The motifs are recognized by several distinctive features that are divided between general and specific characteristics. The general characteristic is that Balinese wood carvings have convex and concave motifs of leaves, flowers, and fruits.

[[File:Angkup.jpg|left]]
'''The special characteristics of Balinese wood carving include:''' 
“Angkup” on Balinese motifs, as in other motifs, has a shape that is curved at the ends. The shape of a “sunggar” that grows from the end of the thread curl on the main leaf. The “simbar” in Balinese motifs are similar to those found in the typical Pelajaran and Majapahit motifs. Simbar is usually found in front of the base of the main leaf following the shape of the groove so that it can form an overall harmony to the overall form. The thread on this motif has a special shape. The threads are convex and partially slanted. This thread grows in a circle up to the end of the curl and has broken lines that run on the main leaf and “cawen” fragments found in the carvings of the patran leaves. All of this adds to the harmony and beauty to the shape of the carving. The uniqueness of Balinese carvings has been able to attract buyers for the last few years, both local and foreign, which has led to many people who have also worked as carvers for their work. It is not surprising then that several Balinese carving centers can easily be found on the island. For example, villages of Mas (Ubud), Tangep (Mengwi), Peken Belayu, Marga (Tabanan), and many other villages, which are famous as Balinese carving centers.

'''Pros and Cons of Balinese Wood Carving''' 
Apart from being merely an artwork, Balinese wood carvings demonstrate many amazing things about this particular form of art. However, if we were asked to mention the best thing about Balinese art, it is that each piece is designed with great care to enhance the use-value of other menial objects that we use almost every day. Therefore, it is not only Bali-based goods that you purchase for embellishment purposes that you can admire for its splendor. But they are also items of high use value that can be gouged nearly anytime and anywhere, although we must emphasize that they are too good to wear on regular occasions if truth be told. However, it can take a long time to work on a piece of Balinese wood carving. This is due to the complexity of the patterns implemented. Besides, the raw materials commonly have to be imported from afar, which often takes days for them to set in. The raw materials for the manufacture are teak, moja gaung, and chrysolite. However, because these artisans cannot acquire the wood from Bali, usually they have to order it from Kalimantan, Sumba, or Flores. You have to be extra patient before you can take these beautiful souvenirs home and display them in your home.
Another valuable piece of advice in hunting for the perfect wood carving is that you also have to be observant when you shop for it. Not all craftsmen use the same raw materials in producing their wood carvings. If the materials used are of low quality, it will result in unsatisfactory art, such as wood carving that cracks when it reaches other parts of the world with a different humidity level or temperature than the place of origin where the craft was produced. A rule of thumb: You shouldn’t splurge on buying a carving that’s prone to cracks if you’re not ready to leave it. In most cases, woods of several types can easily crack due to extreme differences in settings.

[[File:Woodcarving store.jpg|right]]
'''Best Place in Bali to Shop for Wood Carvings''' 
Looking for the best place to shop for wood carvings in Bali? Then you shouldn’t miss visiting the villages of Mas on your trip. Visiting this place on your travel to or from Ubud is certainly ‘one from’. The villages of Mas is one of the tourist objects in the Ubud area of Bali which is a place for sculpture craftsmen, always an alternative stopover when tourists are on a tour to Ubud or Kintamani tourist attractions. The expertise of local people in inheriting the culture of their ancestors who worked as sculptors has made it even more famous along with the development of tourism in Bali. With the skyrocketing popularity of Balinese wood carving, the sales of art in the village were able to boost the economy of the local community. The fame of this village cannot be separated from the great names of some of the exceptional sculpture craftsmen who were born, raised, and who have talent in creating wood sculptures and started their career there. The villages of Mas are strategically located, about 20 km from Denpasar. It is not surprising, as a center for wood carving art in Bali, that many craft shops are selling a multitude of sculptures and carvings. 
----
'''More info:''' 
[https://masubud.blogspot.com/2008/02/history-of-balinese-woodcarving.html A History of Balinese Woodcarving] 
[https://naramulya.com/jepara-furniture-craftsmanship The Jepara Legacy] 
[https://www.wiki-indonesian-art.com/video/bali%20wood%20carving%20artists.htm Video 1: Bali Wood Carving Artists] 
[https://www.wiki-indonesian-art.com/video/balinese%20traditional%20handicrafts.htm Video 2: Balinese traditional handicrafts]

[[Category:Article message templates]]
[[Category:Main Page]]

Types of wood

2026-01-08T09:35:45Z

Ronald D:

<gallery>
File:wood - acacia.jpg|Acacia wood
File:wood - bangkirai.jpg|Bangkirai wood
File:wood - borneo iron - ulin.jpg|Borneo Iron wood (Ulin wood)
File:wood - burmese teak.jpg|Burmese Teak wood
File:wood - camphor.jpg|Camphor wood
File:wood - coromandel.jpg|Coromandel wood (Calamander wood)
File:wood - crocodile.jpg|Crocodile wood (Satin wood)
File:wood - hibiscus.jpg|Hibiscus wood
File:wood - indian teak.jpg|Indian Teak wood
File:wood - indonesian mahogany.jpg|Indonesian Mahogany wood
File:wood - indonesian palissander.jpg|Indonesian Palissander wood
File:wood - indonesian teak.jpg|Indonesian Teak wood
File:wood - jackfruit.jpg|Jackfruit wood
File:wood - kempas.jpg|Kempas wood
File:wood - macassar ebony.jpg|Macassar Ebony wood
File:wood - mango.jpg|Mango wood
File:wood - mindi.jpg|Mindi wood
File:wood - mirabouw.jpg|Mirabouw wood (Merbau wood)
File:wood - oak.jpg|Oak wood
File:wood - palissander.jpg|Palissander wood
File:wood - panggal buaya.jpg|Panggal Buaya wood
File:wood - philippine mahogany.jpg|Philippine Mahogany wood (Meranti wood)
File:wood - sandal.jpg|Sandal wood
File:wood - shorea.jpg|Shorea wood
File:wood - sonokeling.jpg|Sonokeling wood (Rose wood)
File:wood - suar.jpg|Suar wood
File:wood - sungkai.jpg|Sungkai wood
File:wood - teak.jpg|Teak wood
</gallery>

[[Category:Main Page]]

Types of wood

2026-01-08T09:31:44Z

Ronald D:

<gallery>
File:wood - acacia.jpg|Acacia wood
File:wood - bankirai.jpg|Bankirai wood
File:wood - borneo iron - ulin.jpg|Borneo Iron wood (Ulin wood)
File:wood - burmese teak.jpg|Burmese Teak wood
File:wood - camphor.jpg|Camphor wood
File:wood - coromandel.jpg|Coromandel wood (Calamander wood)
File:wood - crocodile.jpg|Crocodile wood (Satin wood)
File:wood - hibiscus.jpg|Hibiscus wood
File:wood - indian teak.jpg|Indian Teak wood
File:wood - indonesian mahogany.jpg|Indonesian Mahogany wood
File:wood - indonesian palissander.jpg|Indonesian Palissander wood
File:wood - indonesian teak.jpg|Indonesian Teak wood
File:wood - jackfruit.jpg|Jackfruit wood
File:wood - kempas.jpg|Kempas wood
File:wood - macassar ebony.jpg|Macassar Ebony wood
File:wood - mango.jpg|Mango wood
File:wood - mindi.jpg|Mindi wood
File:wood - mirabouw.jpg|Mirabouw wood (Merbau wood)
File:wood - oak.jpg|Oak wood
File:wood - palissander.jpg|Palissander wood
File:wood - panggal buaya.jpg|Panggal Buaya wood
File:wood - philippine mahogany.jpg|Philippine Mahogany wood (Meranti wood)
File:wood - sandal.jpg|Sandal wood
File:wood - shorea.jpg|Shorea wood
File:wood - sonokeling.jpg|Sonokeling wood (Rose wood)
File:wood - suar.jpg|Suar wood
File:wood - sungkai.jpg|Sungkai wood
File:wood - teak.jpg|Teak wood
</gallery>

[[Category:Main Page]]

Types of wood

2026-01-08T09:30:30Z

Ronald D:

<gallery>
File:wood - acacia.jpg|Acacia wood
File:wood - borneo iron - ulin.jpg|Borneo Iron wood (Ulin wood)
File:wood - burmese teak.jpg|Burmese Teak wood
File:wood - camphor.jpg|Camphor wood
File:wood - coromandel.jpg|Coromandel wood (Calamander wood)
File:wood - crocodile.jpg|Crocodile wood (Satin wood)
File:wood - hibiscus.jpg|Hibiscus wood
File:wood - indian teak.jpg|Indian Teak wood
File:wood - indonesian mahogany.jpg|Indonesian Mahogany wood
File:wood - indonesian palissander.jpg|Indonesian Palissander wood
File:wood - indonesian teak.jpg|Indonesian Teak wood
File:wood - jackfruit.jpg|Jackfruit wood
File:wood - kempas.jpg|Kempas wood
File:wood - macassar ebony.jpg|Macassar Ebony wood
File:wood - mango.jpg|Mango wood
File:wood - mindi.jpg|Mindi wood
File:wood - mirabouw.jpg|Mirabouw wood (Merbau wood)
File:wood - oak.jpg|Oak wood
File:wood - palissander.jpg|Palissander wood
File:wood - panggal buaya.jpg|Panggal Buaya wood
File:wood - philippine mahogany.jpg|Philippine Mahogany wood (Meranti wood)
File:wood - sandal.jpg|Sandal wood
File:wood - shorea.jpg|Shorea wood
File:wood - sonokeling.jpg|Sonokeling wood (Rose wood)
File:wood - suar.jpg|Suar wood
File:wood - sungkai.jpg|Sungkai wood
File:wood - teak.jpg|Teak wood
</gallery>

[[Category:Main Page]]

File:Wood - coromandel.jpg

2026-01-08T09:26:31Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - macassar ebony.jpg

2026-01-08T09:26:06Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - mango.jpg

2026-01-08T09:24:27Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - bangkirai.jpg

2026-01-08T09:24:03Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - camphor.jpg

2026-01-08T09:22:00Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - mindi.jpg

2026-01-08T09:21:42Z

Ronald D:

Types of wood

2026-01-07T20:36:38Z

Ronald D:

<gallery>
File:wood - acacia.jpg|Acacia wood
File:wood - borneo iron - ulin.jpg|Borneo Iron wood (Ulin wood)
File:wood - burmese teak.jpg|Burmese Teak wood
File:wood - calamander.jpg|Calamander wood (Coromandel wood)
File:wood - crocodile.jpg|Crocodile wood (Satin wood)
File:wood - hibiscus.jpg|Hibiscus wood
File:wood - indian teak.jpg|Indian Teak wood
File:wood - indonesian mahogany.jpg|Indonesian Mahogany wood
File:wood - indonesian palissander.jpg|Indonesian Palissander wood
File:wood - indonesian teak.jpg|Indonesian Teak wood
File:wood - jackfruit.jpg|Jackfruit wood
File:wood - kempas.jpg|Kempas wood
File:wood - macassar ebony.jpg|Macassar Ebony wood
File:wood - mango.jpg|Mango wood
File:wood - mirabouw.jpg|Mirabouw wood (Merbau wood)
File:wood - oak.jpg|Oak wood
File:wood - palissander.jpg|Palissander wood
File:wood - panggal buaya.jpg|Panggal Buaya wood
File:wood - philippine mahogany.jpg|Philippine Mahogany wood (Meranti wood)
File:wood - sandal.jpg|Sandal wood
File:wood - shorea.jpg|Shorea wood
File:wood - sonokeling.jpg|Sonokeling wood (Rose wood)
File:wood - suar.jpg|Suar wood
File:wood - teak.jpg|Teak wood
</gallery>

[[Category:Main Page]]

File:Wood - philippine mahogany.jpg

2026-01-07T20:32:51Z

Ronald D:

Types of wood

2026-01-07T20:30:58Z

Ronald D:

<gallery>
File:wood - acacia.jpg|Acacia wood
File:wood - borneo iron - ulin.jpg|Borneo Iron wood (Ulin wood)
File:wood - burmese teak.jpg|Burmese Teak wood
File:wood - calamander.jpg|Calamander wood (Coromandel wood)
File:wood - crocodile.jpg|Crocodile wood (Satin wood)
File:wood - hibiscus.jpg|Hibiscus wood
File:wood - indian teak.jpg|Indian Teak wood
File:wood - indonesian mahogany.jpg|Indonesian Mahogany wood
File:wood - indonesian palissander.jpg|Indonesian Palissander wood
File:wood - indonesian teak.jpg|Indonesian Teak wood
File:wood - jackfruit.jpg|Jackfruit wood
File:wood - kempas.jpg|Kempas wood
File:wood - macassar ebony.jpg|Macassar Ebony wood
File:wood - mahogany.jpg|Mahogany wood
File:wood - mango.jpg|Mango wood
File:wood - mirabouw.jpg|Mirabouw wood (Merbau wood)
File:wood - oak.jpg|Oak wood
File:wood - palissander.jpg|Palissander wood
File:wood - panggal buaya.jpg|Panggal Buaya wood
File:wood - philippine mahogany.jpg|Philippine Mahogany wood (Meranti wood)
File:wood - sandal.jpg|Sandal wood
File:wood - shorea.jpg|Shorea wood
File:wood - sonokeling.jpg|Sonokeling wood (Rose wood)
File:wood - suar.jpg|Suar wood
File:wood - teak.jpg|Teak wood
</gallery>

[[Category:Main Page]]

File:Wood - teak.jpg

2026-01-07T20:14:29Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - suar.jpg

2026-01-07T20:14:13Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - sonokeling.jpg

2026-01-07T20:13:55Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - shorea.jpg

2026-01-07T20:13:39Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - sandal.jpg

2026-01-07T20:13:22Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - philippine mahogany - meranti.jpg

2026-01-07T20:13:06Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - panggal buaya.jpg

2026-01-07T20:12:48Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - palissander.jpg

2026-01-07T20:12:29Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - oak.jpg

2026-01-07T20:11:47Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - mirabouw.jpg

2026-01-07T20:11:32Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - kempas.jpg

2026-01-07T20:09:32Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - indonesian teak.jpg

2026-01-07T19:58:36Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - indonesian palissander.jpg

2026-01-07T19:58:25Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - indonesian mahogany.jpg

2026-01-07T19:58:09Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - indian teak.jpg

2026-01-07T19:57:50Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - hibiscus.jpg

2026-01-07T19:57:33Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - crocodile.jpg

2026-01-07T19:57:21Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - burmese teak.jpg

2026-01-07T19:56:44Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - borneo iron - ulin.jpg

2026-01-07T19:56:24Z

Ronald D:

File:Wood - acacia.jpg

2026-01-07T19:56:11Z

Ronald D:

My wiki:About

2026-01-07T19:50:06Z

Ronald D:

== What is Wiki-Indonesian-Art? ==
Wiki-Indonesian Art is a `open online Indonesian-Art encyclopedia`.
Open: Everyone can contribute, if something is wrong or something is missing in the information, everyone can adjust, supplement or change it. More information about this can be found on the help page. 
Online: It is a site that is freely accessible, so everyone can look at it, get information and benefit from it. 
Indonesian-Art: This is only about indonesian art like wood-, bone- and stone-carvings, paintings, puppets, batik, kris/keris and other indonesian items in which there is a lot to discover. Wiki-Indonesian-Art is inspired by the successful Wikipedia, which is now available in many languages and consists of many thousands of articles. Wiki-Indonesian-Art is therefore a 'Wiki'.

'''Goal''' 
The starting point of Wiki-Indonesian-Art has been the lack of a central place of Indonesian-Art knowledge. Each collector has his own qualities and his own knowledge. One person knows a lot about something, the other less or not at all. What if we could combine this into something positive and effective? This was also the starting point of Wikipedia, the bundling of knowledge so that everyone can benefit from it.

'''Built up''' 
Wiki-Indonesian-Art started as a repository of all kinds of information about Indonesian-Art, so the plan was to first give it a filling before we would really publicize it in the Indonesian-Art world. Hopefully Wiki-Indonesian-Art will be frequently visited by people with a lot of Wiki experience and the content will be gradually being structured. It will be very handy to be able to organize everything properly and to make it easily searchable. A limited number of main categories are therefore being worked on for the various Indonesian-Art items.

Each article is divided into certain categories so that it is easy to find, so articles can be in multiple categories. For example, a name might fall under Statues, Paintings, Puppets, Batik, or Other items.

Wiki-Indonesian-Art.com is an initiative of collectors and is made possible by all users.

[[Category:Main Page]]

My wiki:Privacy policy

2026-01-07T19:49:19Z

Ronald D:

== Wiki-Indonsian-Art Privacy Policy ==

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[[Category:Main Page]]

Category:Main Page

2026-01-07T19:48:36Z

Ronald D: Created page with " "

Sugriwa - (Wayang Kulit)

2026-01-07T19:46:30Z

Ronald D:

[[File:Sugriwa 03.jpg|thumb|''Sugriwa - son of Resi Gotama'']]
[[File:Sugriwa 03.png|thumb]]
{{Puppets
|Title=Sugriwa - (Prabu) - Ramayana, Arjuna Sasra Bahu
|Other names=Guwarsa, Sugriwo
|Size=55 cm
|Personal data=Sugriwa is the youngest son of Resi Gotama from Erraya/Grastina hermitage with Dewi Indradi/Windardi, a goddess of Bathara Asmara descent but fathered by Batara Surya. He has a sister, Anjani, and an older brother Subali. Sugriwa married Dewi Tara. He grows up as a human, but turns into a monkey. Prabu Sugriwa also married Endang Suwarsih, mistress of Dewi Anjani and had a son in the form of a monkey named Kapi Suweda. Eventually he becomes monkey king of Gua Kiskenda with the help of Prince Rama.
|Appearance=Prabu Sugriwa, King of the monkeys in the Pancawati Kingdom.
|Collection=Private collection
}}
{{Sugriwa}}

[[Category:Wayang Kulit puppets]]

Sugriwa - (Wayang Kulit)

2026-01-07T19:44:45Z

Ronald D:

[[File:Guwarsa - sugriwa.png|thumb|''Guwarsa (Sugriwa) before becomming a warana.'']]
[[File:Sugriwa 03.jpg|thumb|''Sugriwa - son of Resi Gotama'']]
[[File:Sugriwa 03.png|thumb]]
{{Puppets
|Title=Sugriwa - (Prabu) - Ramayana, Arjuna Sasra Bahu
|Other names=Guwarsa, Sugriwo
|Size=55 cm
|Personal data=Sugriwa is the youngest son of Resi Gotama from Erraya/Grastina hermitage with Dewi Indradi/Windardi, a goddess of Bathara Asmara descent but fathered by Batara Surya. He has a sister, Anjani, and an older brother Subali. Sugriwa married Dewi Tara. He grows up as a human, but turns into a monkey. Prabu Sugriwa also married Endang Suwarsih, mistress of Dewi Anjani and had a son in the form of a monkey named Kapi Suweda. Eventually he becomes monkey king of Gua Kiskenda with the help of Prince Rama.
|Appearance=Prabu Sugriwa, King of the monkeys in the Pancawati Kingdom.
|Collection=Private collection
}}
{{Sugriwa}}

[[Category:Wayang Kulit puppets]]